The industrial chain is a value-added function that is formed in a certain geographic area with a competitive or competitive potential enterprise in a certain industry as the chain core, and a related industry enterprise with products, technology, capital, etc. as the link. Chain of strategic relationships. Circular economy is the abbreviation of closed-circuit circular economy, which is the development model of traditional linear economy to non-linear economy. The circular economy industrial chain is an industrial chain constructed based on the supply and demand relationship between enterprises and enterprises based on the principles of circular economy. It is characterized by the closed-loop flow of material and energy in the entire economic system, which improves the ecological efficiency of the system. Hainan is the main planting base of natural rubber in my country. Natural rubber is not only an important strategic material and industrial raw material for national defense construction and national economy, but also the main economic income of Hainan farmers. Therefore, studying the Hainan rubber recycling economy industrial chain is important for stabilizing the natural rubber raw material market. And it is of great significance to promote the regional development of Hainan.

　　1. Principles of Circular Economy

　　Circular economy (circular economy) is the abbreviation for material closed-loop flow economy. It advocates an economic development model that is in harmony with nature. It transforms the traditional economic growth mode from an open-loop model of "resources-products-waste discharge" to a closed-loop model of "resources-products-renewable resources". Throughout the process of production, consumption and waste treatment, all materials and energy are continuously circulated, thereby reducing the impact of economic activities on the natural environment to the smallest possible extent. The circular economy follows the 3R principle, that is, the principle of "reduce, reuse, and recycle". Among them, the principle of reduction or dematerialization (Reducing) belongs to the input method, which aims to reduce the quality of materials entering the production and consumption process; the principle of reuse or reuse (Reusing) belongs to the process method, which aims to extend products and services The intensity of time; the principle of recycling or recycling is an output method that reduces the final processing volume by turning waste into resources again.

　　2. Construction method of circular economy industrial chain

　　According to the principle of circular economy, the industrial chain of circular economy includes product chain, waste chain, water ecological chain, energy ecological chain and information chain.

　　The product chain is the foundation and core of the circular economy industrial chain. By forming a product chain during the processing, deep processing and finishing of primary raw materials and products, it not only enhances the value of commodities, but also helps to reduce logistics consumption and reduce production costs. The construction of the product chain should analyze the available components based on the composition and structure of raw materials, select leading products, extend the product chain and by-product chain, and determine the product chain structure suitable for regional economic development through economic, technological, and environmental feasibility analysis. The product chain includes the existing product chain structure and the product chain structure with development potential. For the existing product chain, the rationality of the product structure and industrial structure should be analyzed, and the mainstream product chain should be extended and strengthened; for the potential product chain, focus on the product chain that is easier to achieve in the short term, and consider whether it can be compared with other products in the region. Coordinated development of industries. The product chain should consider the resource utilization form of each node, improve the resource utilization rate of each node, and form a stable product chain. At the same time, the construction of the product chain cannot blindly pursue the integrity of the product chain and the formation of the final product, but choose the most favorable development model according to the regional situation.　　The waste chain is an important part of the circular economy industrial chain, which complements and perfects the product chain. The waste chain includes two levels. One is to reduce environmental risks through waste treatment or disposal, and the other is to realize waste recycling. Waste and resources are a relative concept. The waste produced in one production process can be used as the raw material (resource) in another production process. The more waste produced in the production process, the higher the resource consumption and the low efficiency. For the unavoidable waste, the waste from the upstream link (enterprise) is converted into the raw material of the downstream link (enterprise) through the waste chain, so as to realize the recycling or re-resource process in the circular economy. The waste chain mainly considers the recycling of wastes with comprehensive utilization value. For the existing industrial structure, analyze the composition and comprehensive utilization of waste; for the planned industrial structure, analyze the composition and comprehensive utilization of possible waste.

　　The water ecological chain includes the cascade utilization of internal or external water in the enterprise, the supply and centralized treatment of regional water, and the reuse of sewage after treatment. Water is an important resource for industrial development. According to the requirements of the quality of water resources in the industrial production process, water resources can be used in cascades. Through the recycling and cascade utilization of wastewater, the use of fresh water and the discharge of sewage are reduced.

　　The energy ecological chain includes regional centralized energy supply, cascade utilization of energy, comprehensive utilization of waste heat, and energy conversion of waste. The area should implement energy supply according to quality and quantity, realize cascade energy consumption according to different energy quality, recover waste heat in the production process or use waste as energy to reduce energy consumption and thermal pollution.

　　The information technology chain includes technical consulting, regional environmental management, product development and sales, and talent circulation and training. Regional product chains, waste chains, water ecological chains, and energy ecological chains all rely on the support and management of information technology. The dissemination of information will optimize the flow of materials and energy, thereby reducing resource consumption and waste discharge.

　　3. The construction of Hainan's natural rubber recycling economy industrial chain

　　Natural rubber is processed by harvesting its latex from the Brazilian Hevea tree. Natural rubber latex has rubber and non-rubber components. The rubber-containing components can produce rubber (solid) and concentrated latex products. The non-rubber components contain the biochemical substance pecanol with medical value. Rubber wood and rubber seeds after the renewal of rubber trees have high utilization value. Therefore, rubber resources include natural rubber latex, seeds and newer rubber wood. Since the extraction of the non-glue component pebolin in latex is currently limited to the laboratory research stage, it is difficult to form an industrial chain, so the rubber product chain includes the rubber product product chain, the rubber seed product chain and the rubber wood product chain. The waste with comprehensive utilization value in the rubber industry is mainly waste rubber, so the waste chain is mainly the comprehensive utilization of waste rubber. As Hainan currently only has a rubber primary processing industry, the water ecological chain mainly includes the treatment and recycling of waste water from the primary rubber processing; the energy ecological chain mainly provides energy for the drying process of solid rubber.

　　(1) Product chain

　　Hainan has formed a latex initial processing product chain and a rubber wood industrial chain. However, the types of latex initial processing products do not meet market needs. The product structure should be adjusted while extending the rubber product product chain; while the rubber wood industrial chain has waste of resources for small enterprises and large enterprises In the situation of insufficient supply of raw materials in the province, the market-oriented allocation of rubber wood resources should be realized and rubber wood resources should be used rationally. Therefore, the Hainan rubber product chain should be improved in all aspects of raw material planting, collection, product structure and industrial layout.

　　1. Rubber products product chain

　　The rubber product chain includes rubber planting, latex collection, latex initial processing and rubber deep processing.

　　(1) Planting of raw materials

　　Rubber should carry out large-scale planting and base construction, promote high-yield, high-quality, bakelite and new rubber varieties to ensure the output and quality of latex and rubber wood raw materials; update low, old, and residual rubber gardens, strengthen rubber garden management, and prevent Process control such as disease protection and nutrient preparation to increase material yield per unit area.

　　(2) Collection of raw materials

　　Granular rubber and concentrated latex mainly adopt the latex collection method of adding ammonia to the rubber garden to keep fresh. With the adjustment of the product structure, the rubber garden gel technology should be developed for the production of radial tire rubber. By adopting the rubber garden gel technology of coagulating latex with salt coagulant, the coagulation cost per ton of dry rubber can be reduced by 63.3 yuan and the transportation volume can be reduced by 40%; at the same time, the quality of latex is improved, which is beneficial to the production of radial tire rubber.

　　(3) Early latex processing

　　The first processed latex products are smoked sheet glue, crepe sheet glue, granular glue and concentrated latex. At present, the primary processed products of Hainan's natural rubber are mainly granular rubber and high-ammonia concentrated latex, of which granular rubber accounts for 80% of the total output, concentrated latex accounts for 17.6% of the total output, and the rest are other varieties. The lack of radial tire rubber and concentrated latex restricts the development of the tire industry and the high-end latex product industry, and affects the improvement of rubber efficiency. 70% of my country's natural rubber is used to make tires. At present, the output of special rubber suitable for tire production is extremely small. With the development of the automobile industry and agricultural machinery industry, the demand for tires will increase sharply. However, Hainan currently uses No. 5 standard rubber granules (SCR5). The use of SCR5 to manufacture bias tires will increase the cost of tire raw materials. At the same time, SCR5 cannot fully meet the requirements of radial tire production. Radial tire rubber is the mainstream product of tires. It not only has low raw material requirements, its processing cost is 50-100 yuan/ton lower than standard rubber, and its processing profit is 3%-5% higher. Moreover, radial tires have superior performance, high-speed safety, and energy-saving properties. , Low rolling resistance and high wear resistance, which is conducive to environmental protection improvement. Therefore, Hainan should improve the structure of primary rubber products and vigorously develop radial tire rubber and high-quality concentrated latex products.

　　(4) Rubber deep processing

　　In rubber products, the rubber content is generally only about 50%, while most products are only 20%-30%. Therefore, the commodity value created by rubber products is often more than 5-10 times that of the raw material rubber. With the adjustment of product structure and the increase in the output of radial tire rubber, Hainan should speed up the development of the radial tire industry. The development of the tire industry will inevitably drive the development of the rubber industry, forming a branch chain of rubber framework materials, rubber additives, carbon black, and rubber machinery. Carbon black is a reinforcing filler for rubber, the second raw material after raw rubber, and the specificity of carbon black is relatively strong. In a typical car tire, 4 to 5 types of carbon black are generally used, which accounts for about car tires. 25% to 30% of the fetus. Hainan is rich in oil and gas resources and has the resource advantage of producing carbon black. On the other hand, carbon black is not suitable for long-distance transportation. Generally, factories are set up in areas close to users or exported to neighboring countries. Hainan is developing the tire industry and has great market demand. Therefore, Hainan is suitable for the development of high-end carbon black industry, especially the market. The soft carbon black industry with large gaps and suitable for radial tires and high-quality rubber products. Among the rubber skeleton materials, the total amount of steel wire skeleton materials is insufficient and the varieties are incomplete. Hainan has the resource advantage of high-quality iron ore and the enterprise advantage of steel processing, which is suitable for the development of high value-added and lucrative steel cord industry.

　　2. Rubber seed product chain

　　The oil content of rubber seeds is 22%-25%. The oil is semi-dry and can be consumed after being refined and detoxified. Its nutrient composition is similar to peanut oil and soybean oil, and it can treat hyperlipidemia. The refined waste residue can be used to produce fertilizer. The planting area of ​​natural rubber on Hainan Island has reached 39.13×104 hectares, which can produce 44×104 tons of rubber seeds, 10.6×104 tons of edible oil, and 15.8×104 tons of oil residue fertilizer every year. Therefore, the product chain of rubber seeds-edible oil-fertilizer can be extended.

　　3. Rubber wood product chain

　　Rubber trees need to be felled and renewed after aging. Rubber wood has undergone modified chemical treatment and has the characteristics of hard texture, clear stripes and beautiful appearance. It is an excellent raw material for furniture. The rubber wood product chain mainly includes two product sub-chains: rubber wood-board and rubber wood-furniture. In 2004, Hainan had a rubber plantation area of ​​39.13×104 hectares. According to the theoretical renewal rate of 3%, about 1.17×104 hectares of rubber plantation were renewed every year; Hainan’s current rubber tree growth rate is 34.2 cubic meters per hectare (30-40 hectares after planting). Year), if the use of bakelite varieties with high quality, and strengthen rubber plantation management and other measures, the growth of rubber wood can reach 75 cubic meters per hectare, the province’s annual renewal of rubber log output will be 87.75×104 cubic meters, based on 55% of the board Based on the theoretical yield rate of square timber, the province can produce 48.26×104 cubic meters of square timber each year.

　　(2) Waste chain

　　Due to the shortage of natural rubber resources and petroleum resources, waste rubber products should be comprehensively utilized.

　　Because the production of reclaimed rubber and rubber powder has high energy consumption, serious pollution, and many environmental constraints, according to the characteristics of Hainan’s economic development, proper consideration can be given to the use of waste rubber in its original form, that is, tire retreading, especially pre-vulcanized tread retreading all-steel The profit of radial tire enterprises can reach more than 30%; on the other hand, the calorific value of waste rubber is high, which is only lower than that of petroleum. It is relatively easy to realize heat generation and heating. It can be used in power plants, cement plants and other industries, but corresponding waste rubber should be established. Rubber recycling and repurchase channels.

　　(3) Water Ecological Chain

　　The raw materials for natural rubber processing include latex, gel and miscellaneous rubber, and two products, concentrated latex and dry rubber, are produced. A large amount of rubber clear waste water produced in the production process of dry rubber can be recycled to prepare acid water and transport latex coagulum, which can reduce fresh water by 10 cubic meters per ton of dry rubber; after the latex is coagulated, 2% of the rubber content remains In the wastewater, the rubber components can be naturally flocculated in the regulating tank to recover the rubber particles, and the recovery rate can reach more than 90%; the recycled rubber clear wastewater has a high organic concentration (10-20 g/L), and it can be treated by anaerobic-aerobic treatment. Recycling energy gas, processing 1 kg of COD can produce 0.5 cubic meters of biogas. The treated water has good quality and can be used for agriculture and forestry irrigation. The clear waste water produced in the production process of concentrated latex can be first deaminated to recover ammonia gas to be used as a latex preservative, and then acid is added to coagulate and recover the rubber components in the waste water. The deamination process of glue clear wastewater is conducive to reducing the acid consumption in the subsequent gel process, and can recover 2.1 kg/ton of pure ammonia wastewater and save 5.9 kg/ton of sulfuric acid.

　　(4) Energy Ecological Chain

　　The drying in the natural rubber processing process uses heavy oil as the main energy source, natural gas as the auxiliary energy source, and uses the biogas generated from wastewater treatment as the supplementary energy source. The energy structure is more reasonable.

　　(5) Information Technology Chain

　　The information technology chain includes the establishment of a scientific research and development system, research on the development of new rubber varieties, as well as technological innovation in various links of breeding, cultivation, plant protection, harvesting, processing, and comprehensive utilization to improve rubber output and quality; establishing a technology promotion service system to update the latest Information about cultivation techniques, harvesting systems, rubber plantation management and other information is disseminated to rubber producers and processors to improve the quality of raw materials and primary products; establish a network marketing system to increase market share; establish a government incubation mechanism to strengthen the management and management of the rubber industry Guide the development of the rubber industry.

　　Four. Conclusion

　　The product chain is the continuous processing of resources. Due to the decentralization of regional resources, effective allocation of resources must be considered, and the centralized utilization of resources should be promoted to form effective logistics and energy flow, increase resource conversion rate, and form a stable industrial chain . For example, large-scale planting and processing; rubber wood resources are given priority to furniture manufacturing enterprises. The concentration of decentralized resources can be promoted through legal, administrative, economic and other means, but the fair distribution of resource benefits must be considered to avoid the formation of monopoly enterprises and protect the vital interests of resource producers to ensure the continuity of resource supply. Resource advantages and location advantages can enrich the structure of the product chain and form product branches. The tropical climate of Hainan is conducive to the production of natural rubber; the rich oil and gas resources can not only develop synthetic rubber, but also produce carbon black and rubber fiber skeleton materials for rubber; rich iron ore resources can produce steel cord skeleton materials; the oil refining process produces The by-products of sulfur and limestone ore can be used to produce rubber additives. The development of the rubber industry can provide tires and rubber products for automobiles, and it is also conducive to promoting the development of the automobile industry.

　　The waste chain is the most neglected link in the industrial chain. The waste chain is not only about pollution control, but also the rational conversion of waste into resources to obtain economic benefits. Therefore, the waste chain can often form or drive the development of new industries.

　　In the development of industrial clusters, the water ecological chain and energy ecological chain can form regional shared resources; if the industry is dispersed, the water ecological chain and energy ecological chain are confined to the enterprise, and the consumption of fresh water and energy by the enterprise should be reduced as much as possible.

　　The formation and development of the circular economy industry chain, especially the information chain, cannot be separated from the coordination and promotion of the government. The government should establish a corresponding incubation mechanism to promote the rational use of resources and the orderly development of the industry. At the same time, industry standards should be established so that the products in each link are conducive to subsequent use.